It can be considered as a mixture similar to ordinary capacitor and battery, but different from both. Like batteries, supercapacitors have positive and negative electrodes separated by electrolytes. However, different from batteries, supercapacitors, like capacitors, are more and more popular energy storage systems in recent years. It stores energy in the form of static electricity, rather than chemically, like a battery. In addition, supercapacitor also has the incomparable advantages of lithium battery, such as it can store a large capacity in a very small volume; long cycle life, can repeatedly charge and discharge hundreds of thousands of times; short charge and discharge time; good ultra-low temperature characteristics; strong current discharge ability, etc.
However, everything has its advantages and disadvantages. At present, it is impossible to replace lithium batteries with super capacitors, because the technology of producing super capacitors is not complete and the production cost is high. In addition, its energy density is low, so it can't store more energy in unit volume. If the pure electric vehicle is switched to super capacitor, the whole vehicle will have to load more volume of super capacitor. Another point is that it is not resistant to high temperature, can not be placed in a humid environment, otherwise it will affect the normal work, and even damage the battery.
The charging speed of super capacitor is much faster than that of lithium-ion battery, and the safety of super capacitor is better than that of lithium-ion battery. At present, the super capacitor has reached the stage of expanding the scope of application and industrialization. With its excellent characteristics, supercapacitor can partly or completely replace the traditional chemical battery for vehicle traction power and starting energy, and has more extensive applications than the traditional chemical battery.
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